When you're preparing for international shipment to Germany, understanding the required paperwork is essential. The German customs authorities, Zollamt, ensure a smooth entry of goods into the country by enforcing stringent regulations. Here's a guide to navigate through the documentation process:
Customs Documentation
- Commercial Invoice: This is the primary document in any export transaction. It must include:
- Seller’s and buyer’s information
- Description of goods
- Terms of sale (Incoterms)
- Country of origin
- Value of goods
💡 Note: Ensure that your commercial invoice details match with those on your shipping label and customs declarations for consistency.
- Packing List: This should detail:
- Weights and dimensions
- Package counts
- Description of contents
- Proforma Invoice: Used for samples, gifts, or when there’s no commercial sale. It should state the value or an estimate of the goods.
Country-Specific Requirements
- Certificate of Origin (CO): This confirms where the goods were produced. It’s important for goods qualifying for preferential treatment under trade agreements.
Country of Origin Usage Country where goods were manufactured Determines customs duties, trade agreements benefits 
- ATA Carnet: If goods are being temporarily imported (e.g., trade show exhibits), this serves as a unified customs document, permitting temporary duty-free entry.
Compliance Documents
- Certificates of Quality and Conformity: Depending on the goods, specific certificates might be required:
- CE marking for many products
- Food safety certifications like ISO 22000 or HACCP
- Permits and Licenses: For restricted goods, like certain chemicals, firearms, or plants, additional permits are required. Here are some examples:
- Plant Health Certificate (for plants)
- Firearms Import License
Declarations
- Customs Declaration: Through the ATLAS (Automated Tariff and Local Customs Control System) or if not possible, then through paper-based forms, you need to declare:
- Type of goods
- Quantity and value
- Intended use of goods
- Single Administrative Document (SAD): This is used in the European Union for customs declarations, detailing your shipment’s particulars.
📌 Note: Ensure accurate valuation to avoid penalties. Deliberate undervaluation or misrepresentation is strictly penalized.
Insurance and Carrier Documents
- Bill of Lading/Air Waybill: Acts as the carrier’s receipt of goods for ocean or air freight, respectively. It should detail:
- Shipper and consignee information
- Contents, weight, and packaging
- Terms of carriage
- Cargo Insurance: While not always required, insurance documentation ensures coverage against loss or damage during transit.
End of Document
The key to hassle-free import into Germany lies in understanding and fulfilling the required paperwork. By adhering to these guidelines, you can expedite customs clearance, avoid delays, and mitigate the risk of penalties or goods seizure.
What happens if I forget to include the certificate of origin?
+
If you forget to include the certificate of origin, your goods might face higher customs duties or be delayed for further inspection. It’s crucial for determining preferential treatment under trade agreements.
Can I use a single set of documents for multiple shipments?
+
No, each shipment needs its own set of documents. However, some documents like the certificate of origin might be valid for a specified period if applicable to multiple shipments of the same product.
How long does customs clearance usually take in Germany?
+
The duration varies but can range from 1-3 days for straightforward shipments. Complex or high-value goods might require more time for inspections or additional documentation review.
